Temperature Calculator

The Temperature Calculator converts between different temperature scales including Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine. Essential for scientific calculations, international applications, and engineering work.

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Understanding Temperature Scales

Temperature scales are systems for measuring thermal energy. Different scales are used in various fields and regions, making conversion between them essential for scientific and engineering applications.

Common Temperature Scales

Celsius (°C)

Fahrenheit (°F)

Kelvin (K)

Rankine (°R)

Conversion Formulas

From Celsius (°C)

To Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32

To Kelvin: K = °C + 273.15

To Rankine: °R = (°C + 273.15) × 9/5

From Fahrenheit (°F)

To Celsius: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9

To Kelvin: K = (°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15

To Rankine: °R = °F + 459.67

From Kelvin (K)

To Celsius: °C = K - 273.15

To Fahrenheit: °F = (K - 273.15) × 9/5 + 32

To Rankine: °R = K × 9/5

Reference Points

Reference Point Celsius (°C) Fahrenheit (°F) Kelvin (K)
Absolute Zero -273.15 -459.67 0
Water Freezing 0 32 273.15
Room Temperature 20 68 293.15
Human Body 37 98.6 310.15
Water Boiling 100 212 373.15

Applications by Field

Scientific Research

Engineering

Everyday Applications

Conversion Tips

Quick Mental Conversions

Precision Considerations

Historical Context

Development Timeline

Standardization

Special Considerations

Absolute Zero

Temperature Differences

Common Mistakes

Conversion Errors

Best Practices

Note: Temperature conversions are exact mathematical relationships. However, measurement accuracy depends on instrument precision and calibration. For critical applications, consider measurement uncertainty and use appropriate significant figures.